hello viewers welcome to Doctor Channel
today dr. stellata is with us consultant
chief clinical nutritionist hello Doctor
hello it's pleasure to have you on
program same here yeah doctor could you
say something about pregnancy pregnancy
is something which is really valuable
for a family okay somebody new is going
to come to the house you know especially
the home aides are desperately waiting
for that but of late in India the
quality of pregnancy is really low you
know the type of nutrition what they
take is really bad okay that's very
alarming we see number of low birth
weight cases and a lot of maternal
weight gain in terms of fat okay these
things are to be arrested nutritionally
what you need to understand is the
mother should be fed optimally okay she
need to be given a very balanced diet
with all the required nutrients mostly
like macronutrients when you consider it
should be carbohydrates you know a good
quantity of carbohydrates additional
just 350 kilocalories of energy would be
needed in all of the pregnancy okay
likewise protein and the last trimester
around 23 grams and fat just additional
2 teaspoons of one it is not that loads
of butter and ghee or cheese what she
has to take ok when we go over on these
three macronutrients the lady tends to
put on more of bad weight okay
so we need to understand that additional
requirement as I said to is very little
we need to focus more on micro nutrients
like vitamins and minerals especially
when you talk in pregnancy folic acid is
really important okay and calcium and
all the B complex vitamins and vitamin C
okay these are to be focused we will
discuss in detail about this doctor what
are the nutritional needs to be taken in
during
pregnancy the pregnancy most important
nutrients as I said you all the
macronutrients carbohydrates proteins
and fats
when you choose carbohydrates basically
they should be two different varieties
of carbohydrates coming into the diet
okay usually when you see in South India
basically people are rice eaters and
these rise as loads of carbohydrate
which is refined to a very large extent
and it's a simple carbohydrate so what
we need to understand is we need to
change rotation of cereals which is
really important
like I doubt another cereal like wheat
jawar bara anything like that and one
mill over ice is okay and take adequate
amounts of leafy vegetable which is
really important so when we take rice
along with that usually people take a
small cup of vegetable that is it but
that's really bad so what it is going to
give you is more of carbohydrate and
very less of vitamins and fibers and
there is no protein so please understand
the importance of protein and try to
incorporate adult because ours is a
vegetarian based country mostly so try
to incorporate two big kotori's of dal
every day for a pregnant lady and one
whole egg if the body weight is normal
and if she is Anna make if she's having
normal weight also she can take every
day one whole boiled egg okay and a very
good serve of curds ensure that she
takes around 500 ml of milk and milk
products so especially in the lunch if
she takes curds she gets good type of
probiotics so hundred grams of green
leafy vegetables is must in the night so
this green leafy vegetable can be added
to the dal or it can be ground into a
chutney or it can be added to any rice
which is fried so ensure that she gets a
balanced diet in the form of
carbohydrates good amounts of protein
and little amount of fat additional only
2 teaspoons we need to understand that
she need doesn't need a loads of ghee or
butter all she needed 2 teaspoons one D
is for is 5 ml so she will require
additional 2 teaspoons of oil which is
very less so
not ordering on the fat ok likewise is
important is fruits also so try not to
give foods along with the lunch so give
them fruit as a snack at 11 a.m. or 4
p.m. or 6 p.m. so that we will not load
her lunch so the most important in the
lunch and dinner is a rotation of cereal
like one meal should be chapati without
oil especially for underweight ladies it
can be with oil so this size 3 full cast
should be ok for an average Indian lady
so to be kotori's of vegetable curry to
be kotori's of dal and 1 Katori of curd
and good amounts of salads this should
be the lunch
she doesn't need every day of fried rice
or a biryani or pulao we need to
understand this particularly in India
when we talk about pregnancy it is all
that samosas pakoras kotori's and very
honest and Bhagirath this should be
stopped that is the result where the
maternal weight gain is more in terms of
fat and the fetus will not require you
know meet the required nutrition and the
fetus stunted growth is seen so if the
mother is adequately nourished in terms
of macronutrients and micronutrients the
pregnancy outcome is a really good
doctor should pregnant lady avoid
carbohydrate-rich foods to avoid gas
station or diabetes and not to gain
weight gestational diabetes and normal
pregnancy is different normal pregnancy
your pancreas is able to produce enough
insulin what you require in gestational
diabetes that is not happening so
exogenous drugs or insulin may be
required for those people we don't need
to avoid carbohydrate all you need to do
is your need to monitor the type of
carbohydrate what you are taking in
terms of it you need to take a complex
carbohydrate as I said you earlier the
carbohydrate like a rice which is simple
without any fiber to be discouraged you
know can be replaced by a brown rice or
wheat or a foxtail millet or a beta
something like that which has a very low
glycemic index
will not allow the sugars to race after
the lunch so one thing is that change of
cereals rich in complex carbohydrate
more of vegetables more of salads
we'll keep the sugars under track it
doesn't mean that we need to cut down
the cups unless the lady is really obese
or morbid obesity to cut down the
carbohydrates doctor doctor should
pregnant women a wide a packaged salad
package we need to understand that we
are in a very modern world okay always
understand the importance of nutrition
that our food should be always
traditional and natural we need to
understand that processed foods are not
really good okay once in a while when
there is no feasibility of taking our
natural homemade food as a source of
cutting an infection once in a while
processed food should be opted but it
should not become on a regular basis to
keep the food you know fresh bacteria
free it needs to undergo some changes in
terms of processing that will be
fortified with certain chemicals colors
additives emulsifiers these all are not
a right choice and a pregnancy so always
adopt fresh homemade foods as much as
possible doctor which fruits should be
avoided during pregnancy I don't think
we need to avoid any foods and fruits
especially in pregnancy
as fruits have loads of vitamins
minerals fiber and very good source of
moisture especially these are vital
nutrients in pregnancy so please ensure
that adequate amounts of fruits are
given every day at least 300 grams of
fruit - 500 grams of fruits should be
given for a pregnant lady every day in
spite of having gestational diabetes
also pregnant women can take fruits you
know fresh locally available seasonal
fruits should be opted rather than
imported fruits which have hardly any
nutrition especially we see in the
supermarket's people run behind
the foreign foods you know which are
grown elsewhere and are important the
fruits are raised elsewhere they are
stored and imported and again you know
they are transported and again stored in
the cold storage and brought to the
supermarket's and then we buy and it's
there in a refrigerator for a day or two
so understand the quality of nutrients
what that particular fruit has so when
you choose a locally available fruit
this will not happen let's say what is
grown in and around your local place
will have loads of vitamin C and all the
nutrients so fruits are taken for their
vitamins and minerals so there is no fun
in taking after all these are exhausted
so choose fresh locally available
seasonal fruits for pregnant ladies
rather than fruit juices when you take
fruit juice there's lots of sugars which
are directly getting into your blood and
the sugar content can go high in your
blood or this sugar can be deposited on
the lure as fatty liver and it helps in
weight gaining also it is always ideal
to eat fresh whole fruits as such by
biting and eating or if not feasible can
cut and eat them
doctor what food should be eaten in
during pregnancy food should be a
balanced as I said you it should be in
terms of macronutrients as well as
micronutrients there is no particular
food that should be avoided which is
homemade as I said you which are really
deep-fried should be avoided or
occasionally taken and the foods which
are prepared especially with my de to be
a whiter the bakery products the
processed foods like your chips which
have high salt content which can lead to
preeclampsia and eclampsia
it's a hypertension in pregnancy so
these sort of high salted foods should
be monitored a small stuff occasionally
can be taken but not frequently and more
so your my de preparations which can
lead to constipation in the ladies and
also add
weight gain which is really unwanted so
the bakery products the puffs pizzas
whatever it is because they have lots of
chemicals as I said you and there are
also source of infection so these are
the things which our process should be
avoided and especially homemade foods
freshly prepared all the three means
should be taken especially focusing more
on milk and milk products vegetables and
fruits a balanced diet should be taken
by a pregnant lady yeah doctor can they
eat seafood
yes c4 is a very good food for a
pregnant lady if they are non
vegetarians they have such nutrients and
minerals where in the flesh of another
animals like your goat sheep and chicken
will not have these he foods have loads
of iodine which are really nutritious in
pregnancy iodine is an important mineral
you know that's a good thing for a
pregnant lady if there is iodine
deficiency the child can have mental
disorders like christianism so we should
consider adding a serve of seafoods like
it could be a fish prawns shrimps
lobsters but ensure that fresh fishes
are given at least 2 to 3 times around
300 grams per day and prawns shrimps
lobsters at least monthly once or twice
through the pregnancy doctor I heard
unpasteurized juice are to be avoided
during pregnancy is it true juices to be
avoided whether it is pasteurized or
unpasteurized especially because the
sugars correctly absorbed into the body
there's every chance that a mother can
have high blood sugars and every chance
that she will gain additional weight
gain and it also leads to constipation
so it is always ideal whether the juice
is pasteurized or unpasteurized to be
avoided in critical conditions like if
the lady has hyperemesis gravidarum
alleppey sorts of vomitings unable to
tolerate solids so as a matter of
nutrition of concern she can be given a
very good you know handled pasteurized
juices but not
asshole and soul of nutrition it should
be a part and parcel like one or two
glasses in a day in terms of you know
milkshakes milk and a little amount of
fruit so that she gets good amounts of
protein and calcium along with the fruit
and some amount of tender coconut water
doll suits like this it can be an
adjective but it cannot be whole and so
doctor is it true
deli meat is not good in during
pregnancy it is like you you need to
understand it is always ideal to have
your life partner with you
there's lots of support and confidence
the lady gains you know the happiness
will help that she releases the hormones
which are really important for the
pregnancy so it is always ideal to have
her own partner with her doctor what to
eat to boost the iron level iron is a
very important nutrient for pregnancy
usually the recommendation for iron in a
pregnant women is 35 milligrams which is
really very very high so to meet that
particular iron content in our diet it
is really difficult so understand that
with the help of this iron the baby
RBC's are increased the mothers RBC's
are increased so the pregnancy outcome
the weight of the baby also increases
with the good amounts of iron which is
present in the mother so with the iron
deficiency especially with the folic
acid deficiency there are multiple you
know abnormalities in that child like
congenital defects also land up so to
meet the requirement of iron in the
pregnancy the mother needs to take
adequate amounts of green leafy
vegetables especially dark green leafy
vegetables most of the people greens
means it is only spinach it is not so it
can be Google it can be amaranth it can
be spring onions it can be mint leaves
especially spring onions which is really
dark in color has good amounts of iron
as well as mint leaves usually we use it
for chutneys we use it for toppings we
use it for teas that has 15 milligrams
of iron so by incorporating some green
chutneys by adding this green leaves to
Thal and also adding them to salads we
can boost up the iron content
in the form of green leafy vegetable
also fruits like a watermelon and
custard apple and papaya also has good
amounts of I'm so eating lot of
watermelon like let's say this is 100
grams of watermelon it has 8 milligrams
of I'm so taking adequate we can take
around five hundred milligrams also so
that boost iron content in your diet
also some cereal grains and millets have
good amounts of iron especially like
rice flakes it has loads of iron so that
should be given as a snack in pregnancy
Bhadra Java when compared to rice and
wheat has superior quality of iron can
also be incorporated as rotis and snacks
like sprouts which have bioavailable
form of iron should be given and boiled
grams like chana rajma can be also
incorporated so cereals pulses green
leafy vegetables fruits have good
amounts of iron when speaking about the
non vegetarians they have loads of heme
iron which is rarely 100% bioavailable
so adding one egg in a diet will give
two milligrams of iron which is readily
absorbable it to the body
likewise fish is a very good source of
iron can be given thrice in a week and
chicken and red meat also but the
quantity should be monitored and it
whitley so a small subset 75 grams of
meat should be suffice weekly otherwise
150 grams of chicken can be given as a
very good source of I'm doctor how much
coffee can they take during pregnancy
yeah
coffee is a very good stimulant it's a
refreshing agent it stimulates the mood
but we need to understand that caffeine
is not really advisable in pregnancy so
one cup or two cups should not be overdo
if you take more of caffeine there are
some neurological defects happening in
the fetus so it is always ideal to avoid
loads of coffees understand and take not
more than 2 cups per day and
bridges which are Cola beverages
caffeinated beverages should be strictly
avoided in pregnancy doctor what amount
of folic acid should be taking folic
acid is a very important nutrient in
pregnancy so an ideally a pregnant lady
should take five hundred micrograms of
folic acid as soon as the pregnant lady
plants for a pregnancy that is
preconception they should start but
awfully that is not happening in most of
the population that should be educated
when the couple is married so ensure
taking adequate amounts of folic acid so
that as levels are maintained and in the
pregnancy it is really important as I
said you it can cause the deficiency can
cause congenital malformation
you know spina bifida is a neurological
defect which happens with folic acid
deficiency and folic acid is needed for
the maturation of red blood cells so the
volume of blood improves and if the
volume of blood is good the pregnancy
outcome that means the fetus weight gain
is good so if the lady has folic acid
deficiency which leads to anemia the
baby can be a low birth weight not two
point five and that can lead to many
abnormalities now the quality of the
fetus is very low so folic acid is an
ideal important nutrient which should be
taken care of doctor know there's add I
play a role in congenital disorders yes
it really plays a lot of role so we need
to understand I said you there are lot
of micronutrients which are taken care
of so when we take care of certain
micronutrients like all your iodine your
folic acid your sino cobalamin your
vitamin c if these nutrients are well
maintained and the pregnancy outcome is
really good if there is malnutrition in
the mother prior to the pregnancy that
means at early stage the lady is married
so the body is not mature to that extent
the muscles and bones are really weak so
the fetus quality is very bad and the
nutrition what she is supposed to be
taken is not met so that loads upon the
unmeasured body
the inadequate nutrition and the family
support all these things leads to a very
bad quality of pregnancy and more so are
leading to the fetal anomalies and also
the genetics plays an important role
which is unavoidable so nutrition is a
really a key role in the outcome of
pregnancy so we can minimize the
anomalies by giving a balanced diet to a
pregnant lady doctor how much weight
should be put in pregnant pregnancy
ideally it is ten cages of gestational
weight gain is adequate for a sedentary
lady if the mother before pregnancy is
obese if the lady is obese
she needs to gain around six to eight
cases and not more than that if the
weight gain is more it is the mother's
body fat what she is gaining at that
point she will not put on muscles and
bone mass which cannot happen so all she
is gaining is only the maternal fat mass
so for a already obese patient as model
adobe's or obese
should gain only six to eight cages that
is ideal doctor what is the weight gain
for a pregnancy women ideally in
pregnancy ten cages of bait cane is
required if the lady is underweight she
can gain more than that around 12 to 14
cages also if the lady is obese she
should gain around six to eight cages
not more than that if the way lady is
having a normal body weight she can gain
around ten cages if the mother gains
more weight than they required it is
only the fat mass what she's gaining and
not the muscle and the bone mass so we
need to understand that if you are
giving an adequate nutrition all she
will require for the baby and for her to
maintain her good calcium levels in the
body for the outcome of the pregnancy to
have proper teeth and skeletal mass for
the fetus with the ones of calcium that
is a weight gain issue and good amounts
of iron and folic acid for the fetus and
the mother as well to improve the
outcome and
pregnancy wait came so adequate
nutrition as required 350 additional
calories and 23 grams of protein and
just two additional teaspoons of oil
will all be needed by a pregnant lady to
gain adequate weight
thanks for the mass information doctor
my pleasure thank you I hope you found
this video useful so don't forget to
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