In this video let's take a look at when and in what situations to use a shotgun
and a lavalier microphone.
The two most common types of microphone you're going to come across and probably
use the most in terms of corporate video production: are shotgun microphones and
lavalier microphones. Now neither one is better than the other in general they are
are simply different tools for different situations.
Shotgun microphones are where many video makers start. In this case I'm using the
Rode NTG2, which is a shotgun microphone which does need quite a bit of gain but
it's probably the most common microphone in the film-making world, especially the
indie world. It has a very good directional sound with its cardioid
pickup pattern but doesn't completely reject any sound picked up from behind
it. If you have multiple people in an interview scenario, for example if you're
doing a scene where two people are talking but not at the same time then
you can move the boom between them just like in this clip here.
Pippa: This is my wedding day...
Josh: I know...and I'm so sorry.
Pippa: How?
Pippa: This can't...you can't have been in love with me all this time? It's not possible!
Josh: Trust me it is.
Pippa: No it's not. I was there. Remember?
Generally a shotgun microphone is better in harsh weather environments such as strong winds. As there are lots
of accessories for them; such as the dead cat and the blimp which shield them from the
wind. Some of the downsides though is that they are 99% of the time wired and
limited by the length of the XLR cable or boompole. So here I can't get any
further away from ten metres from the camera, as that's my longest cable. Also
if you're doing any kind of wide shot then getting the boom in close is going
to be problematic as you really need to get that mic as close to the talent as possible.
Now you might think that a wireless lavalier system will help solve a lot
of these problems and the answer is yes and no. A wireless microphone system like
the Rode Filmmaker Kit which is a bit bulky because it has the antenna in the
body itself - gets the microphone right onto the talent and as such you get a
sound that is very close to the talent. This wireless unit actually runs on the
2.4 gigahertz wireless spectrum as opposed to the AES encryption of the
Sennheiser AVX or the analog system of the G3'.s I've
never encountered a problem in an office environment with any interference but
this is just something you need to be aware of. Getting a shot light is just
simply isn't possible or practical when you're a solo camera operator. You don't
have time to set up a microphone stand and then mask it out later on, so a
wireless microphone system like this means that your talent is not limited by
where they can go this means they can walk around freely and indeed you don't
have to worry about what you're doing in terms of cables. All you've got to worry
about is if you're receiving any interference. Now a digital audio system
like the Rode Filmmaker Kit, you might be affected by wireless networks but it's
strong enough to jump between wireless network so it knows what the best signal
it's going to get. But a shot like that just simply isn't practical with a boom pole.
Unless it's a narrative film, I don't tend to get the opportunity to
hide a microphone. So instead, I just attach it using the mic clip and if I'm
filming outside I'll put on its wind protector. This isn't anywhere near as
strong in windy conditions as a blimp on a shotgun microphone but unless it's a
gale it does come in handy. If you do hide microphones underneath clothing
then you'll need to make sure you're not getting any of that horrible clothes
rustling. I use Rycote Undercovers which are very handy and you can also get Rode's
proprietary Invisilav but I personally prefer the Rycote Undercovers
because I work with a wide range of lav mics and the invisi lab is only really for the Rode lav.
Each microphone has its purpose and each microphone has its downsides as well but
it's really up to you how you decide to use them in your projects. I use both
shotgun and lavallier microphones every day - it just depends on the situation I'm faced with.
Thanks for watching if you've got any questions pop them in the comments
down below and as always I'll see you in the next video.
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