- Alright Miss Carol, let's talk a little bit about Japanese Maples, we love Japanese
Maples, don't we?
- Of course.
We do, they don't always love us.
- Right.
[chuckles] - And you better love them, because sometimes
they can cost a pretty penny.
- Yeah, they sure can.
- Although they have come down in the last few years I think, there's more people producing
them, and sometimes the price is less than I expect it to be when I pull up that tag.
And let's talk about why they're that expensive.
You know, to grow them you have to have a grafted plant.
You can take seeds off a Japanese Maple, and plant them and grow a little maple, and sometimes
they're quite beautiful, a seed-grown maple, there's a lot of variability, but most often
you're going to get a small, green tree, with great fall color.
And I love them.
And they're often more heat tolerant and sun tolerant, which can be a real issue with Japanese
Maples, so actually a few of my Japanese Maples in my yard are seedlings, and they look quite
good.
But to get the weeping form that so many people want, or the laceleaf form, which I think
a red, weeping lace leaf form has become so common, that let's talk about some of the
others being more desireable.
- Alright.
- But if you want one like that, lets say Tamukeyama, which is a very good form for
the south.
You would have to grow the seedling up for a couple of years, and get a piece of scion
wood off of that Tamukeyama, and then graft it onto that root stock.
Usually it's a side-veneer graft, and then once it's well rooted, or well heeled in there,
they'll cut the green part off, and then the weeping plant has to develop.
But that takes awhile.
It takes a good bit of time for that to grow into a sizeable enough plant to go into the
retail market.
So if you're the producer, you've had to invest in either plants that were already grafted,
or grow the seedlings, then pay a skilled laborer to graft them, then you have a lot
of time invested.
How much time it spends in the nursery before it gets to the market is actually a big determiner
of how much it costs, a big determinent.
- Ah, ok.
- Because if you could have turned that space over in your nursery very quickly with something,
but instead it took you a lot of years to get it to market.
Tamukeyama we mentioned being a good one, a good red, laceleaf, weeping form.
And it's sort of become the standard to replace the old Crimson Queen was the most common
red, laceleaf, weeping that did well in the south.
Because the south, because of our heat, we have to be real careful, and they're literally,
probably thousands of Japanese Maple cultivars now.
The history of them goes way back of course, Japanese Maple, Asian, and they've been selecting,
there's a lot of genetic variability in the seedling rootstocks, so they've been selecting
for thousands of years, and perpetuating those clones by grafting.
So some of these go all the way back, and have very complicated, hard-to-pronounce Japanese
names.
So do not trust my pronunciation, I'm from Mississippi, right.
So-- - [Chris laughing] Right.
- So you probably want to research if I'm saying them properly or not.
Would you agree with Tah-Mook-E-Yam-A?
Anybody?
- I would agree with that, yeah.
- I agree.
- And Crimson Queen we can say, right?
- I can say that, yeah.
[laughs] - The old standard for an upright red would
be Bloodgood.
Bloodgood was always the one-- - Ok, I know that.
- that did well in the south, but even it would often turn kind of greenish as the summer
goes on, it loses the good rich, red tones that we like so much.
So more have been coming on that are upright, big reds.
I like one called Hefner's Red, that stays very dark, and a good deep burgundy through
the summer.
Emperor 1 would be another one, if you like the upright red forms.
But there's a variety of them, and there's a whole book that's devoted to them that you
can research.
If I, I'm really fond of the green forms, I love a green Japanese Maple, and to me the
green ones seem to be a more tolerant, which makes sense if you think about it, the dark
leaf is going to absorb more heat.
- Heat, right.
- So the green leaves are going to survive our hot sun a little better.
And just as far as that goes, most Japnese Maples are going to prefer at least afternoon
shade.
They like some sunlight, or they won't keep the rich colors, they can get kind of wimpy
and wispy, and not get good, rich colors if they're in full, deep shade.
So ideally morning sun, and few hours of morning sun, and some afternoon shade will be your
best site-ing for color and growth and not getting sun scald.
- Yes, which is common.
- Because we start getting calls, don't we.
- (Joellen) Mm-hmm.
- Especially late in the summer when it gets really hot, and if they get a little bit drought
stressed.
So if you think about the fact that this is, in its native setting a woodland maple, one
of the things that you can do to help avoid the sun scald, and the drought stress, is
to really take care of that root zone.
They're sort of like a dogwood in that, they want to have a lot of good air exchange, they
want to be planted a little bit high, good organic soil with a lot of porous, what I
call the leafy duff, the woodland kind of thing that goes on is going to help a whole
lot, and be sure that you adequately water those things, especially when getting established.
That's crucial, planting a little bit high, we were just talking about problems when you
plant them a little bit dep, and you get that soil that stays wet all the time, they're
not going to like that, so if your drainage is a little iffy, I would recommend put them
up on a mound to help, and be sure that you mulch well over that root zone to keep those
roots cool as well, that's going to help you out a lot.
- Ok, any other diseases or insects, pests?
- There are in fact, the borers really like to attack the Japanese Maples.
The flat-headed borer is common, and luckily that is one that's easily treated with the
systemics that you can put around the root zones.
The flat-headed borer is going to have the D-shaped hole as it exits, and the bark looks
like it's sort of flaking off, and if you pull it back you'll see some engraving, and
that one is more easily treated.
But the ambrosia beetles are a whole nother story.
- (Chris) Oh.
Yeah, they're tough.
- They really love any thin-skinned tree, and the Japanese Maple would certainly qualify
as thin-barked trees.
And that's going to be a small hole, about the size of a pin head, a little bit larger
than that.
Early on when they're feeding a lot of times you'll see the toothpick-like mass extruding,
but if it's windy, or it rains you'll see the sawdust or frass, we call it, the caterpillar
poop has fallen down around the base of that tree, and that's a good clue that it's going
to be the Ambrosia beetles, and that's a very difficult thing to treat, usually you're not
going to have success, it's not actually the beetle that kills it, it's the fungus--
- (Chris) Right.
- that the beetle introduces into the tree, so sometimes they'll make it, but often not.
The best thing to do is to spray preventatively.
The other issue that they get, and this is one that I just can't find any solution for,
and that is canker.
They'll just up and get canker.
- (Chris) Yeah... cankers are tough.
- Cankers are.
Usually stressed trees are more prone to canker, if you keep that tree happy, and healthy and
vigorous, and it's got the perfect site-ing, and you don't let it get drought stressed,
you're going to be more resistent to the canker, and the canker doesn't always kill it.
Sometimes it will kill a whole limb, sometimes the tree acts like it wants to die and it
doesn't.
I had a Sayu, which is an upright, laceleaf, greenleaf form that's very heat tolerant,
beautiful fall colors, we had them all over the Mississippi State campus.
And it got a huge case of canker, and I thought it was going to die, and I got tired of looking
at the ugly thing, and I threw it out at the edge of the woodland, pulled it up and threw
it out, and the joker, the next year sprouted out.
- How 'bout that?
- I dug a new hole, and put back in there, and it's like, yep, I'm going to live.
- And it lived.
- That's right.
- So, also since they are grafted plants, be sure you monitor below the graft union
and rub off any of the growth that comes out from below that grafting is another thing
you need to know.
- Good to mention that.
Ok.
Wow.
So Japanese Maples are nice trees.
- They are, and some places to see them, the Memphis Botanic Garden has got a good collection,
and then if some local people want to get in touch with you who allow tours sometimes.
- Ok, we can do that.
Thanks for the information, that's good.
Alright.
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